Создатель ChatGPT: История Сэма Альтмана - Кич Хэйги

the article: Deepa Seetharaman, Keach Hagey, Berber Jin, Kate Linebaugh, “Sam Altman’s Knack for Dodging Bullets – with a Little Help from His Bigshot Friends”, The Wall Street Journal, December 24, 2023.

282

 Musk v. Altman.

283

 Greg Brockman, Ilya Sutskever, John Schulman, Sam Altman, Wojciech Zaremba, “OpenAI and Elon Musk”, OpenAI blog, March 5, 2024.

284

 OpenAI, “OpenAI Supporters”, February 20, 2018.

285

 Kylie Robison, Michal Lev-Ram, “Who Is Mira Murati? The OpenAI Executive Who Played a Crucial Role in the Company’s Soaring Ascent”, Fortune, October 5, 2023.

286

 Kevin Scott, “Mira Murati, Chief Technology Officer, OpenAI”, Behind the Tech, July 2023.

287

 “AI Everywhere: Transforming Our World, Empowering Humanity”, YouTube, Dartmouth Engineering, June 19, 2024.

288

 Энни Альтман (@anniealtman108): «Для контекста: Конни (биологическая мать) выкинула меня из своей медицинской страховки меньше чем через три месяца после смерти папы, когда мне было 24 и я могла пользоваться ее рабочей страховкой еще два года». Twitter, August 24, 2024.

289

 Sam Altman, [“Sam Altman Speaks Out About What Happened at OpenAI”], What Now? with Trevor Noah, December 7, 2023.

290

 Keach Hagey, “Deal or No Deal, The Shadow Over Sun Valley”, The Wall Street Journal, July 13, 2018.

291

 Rita Liao, “China Roundup: Y Combinator’s Short-Lived China Dream”, TechCrunch, November 23, 2019.

292

 Douglas MacMillan, Margherita Stancati, “Saudi Push for Tech Deals Stirs Silicon Valley Debate”, The Wall Street Journal, July 17, 2016.

293

 Justin Scheck, Rory Jones, Summer Said, “A Prince’s $500 Billion Desert Dream: Flying Cars, Robot Dinosaurs and a Giant Artificial Moon”, The Wall Street Journal, July 25, 2019.

294

 Sam Biddle, “Some Silicon Valley Superstars Ditch Saudi Advisory Board After Khashoggi Disappearance, Some Stay Silent”, The Intercept, October 11, 2018.

295

 Jane Lanhee Lee, “US Compels Saudi Fund to Exit Chips Startup Backed by Altman”, Bloomberg, November 30, 2023.

296

 Becky Petersen, “Shivon Zilis, Musk Associate, Leaves Board”, The Information, March 23, 2023.

297

 Seetharaman, Hagey, Jin, Linebaugh, “Sam Altman’s Knack for Dodging Bullets.”

298

 OpenAI, “Microsoft Invests in and Partners with OpenAI to Support Us Building Beneficial AGI”, OpenAI blog, July 22, 2019.

299

 Alec Radford, Jeffrey Wu, Dario Amodei, Daniella Amodei, Jack Clark, Miles Brundage, Ilya Sutskever, “Better Language Models and Their Implications”, OpenAI blog, February 14, 2019.

300

 Tom Simonite, “The AI Text Generator That’s Too Dangerous to Make Public”, Wired, February 14, 2019.

301

 Jasper Hamill, “Elon Musk-Founded OpenAI Builds Artificial Intelligence So Powerful It Must Be Kept Locked Up for the Good of Humanity”, Metro, February 15, 2019.

302

 Sean Gallagher, “Researchers, Scared By Their Own Work, Hold Back ’Deepfakes for Text’ AI”, Ars Technica, February 15, 2019.

303

 Paul Tremblay, Mona Awad v. OpenAI et al., Class Action Complaint, Case No. 3:23–cv–03223 (N. D. Cal., June 28, 2023).

304

 Cade Metz, “Meet GPT–3. It Has Learned to Code (and Blog and Argue)”, The New York Times, November 24, 2020.

305

 Paul Graham, “Do Things That Don’t Scale”, PaulGraham.com, July 2013.

306

 Annie Altman, “How I Started Escorting”, Medium, March 27, 2024.

307

 Weil, “Oppenheimer of Our Age.”

308

 Annie Altman, “How I Started Escorting.”

309

 Sam Altman, “Please Fund More Science”, Sam Altman blog, March 30, 2020.

310

 Greg Brockman, Mira Murati, Peter Welinder, OpenAI, “OpenAI API”, OpenAI blog, June 11, 2020.

311

 Tom Simonite, “OpenAI’s Text Generator Is Going Commercial”, Wired, June 11, 2020.

312

 Emily M. Bender, Timnit Gebru, Angelina McMillan-Major, Margaret Mitchell, “On the Dangers of Stochastic Parrots: Can Language Models Be Too Big?” Proceedings of the 2021 ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency, 2021.

313

 Emily Bobrow, “Timnit Gebru Is Calling Attention to the Pitfalls of AI”, The Wall Street Journal, February 24, 2023.

314

 Сэм Альтман (@sama): «я – стохастический попугай, и ты тоже». Twitter, December 4, 2022.

315

 Tom Simonite, “It Began as an AI-Fueled Dungeon Game. It Got Much Darker”, Wired, May 5, 2021.

316

 Ibid.

317

Закон Мура (англ. Moore’s Law) – эмпирическое наблюдение о том, что количество транзисторов на микросхеме удваивается примерно каждые два года.

318

 Sam Altman, “Moore’s Law for Everything”, Sam Altman blog, March 16, 2021.

319

 Ibid.

320

 Richard Nieva, “Sam Altman’s Eyeball-Scanning Crypto Project Worldcoin Is Having an Identity Crisis”, Forbes, August 10, 2023.

321

 Chafkin, The Contrarian, 138.

322

 Antonio Regalado, “A Startup Pitching a Mind-Uploading Service That Is ’100 Percent Fatal,’” MIT Technology Review, March 13, 2018.

323

 Antonio Regalado, “Sam Altman Invested $180 Million into a Company Trying to Delay Death”, MIT Technology Review, March 8, 2023.

324

 Haje Jan Kamps, “Helion Secures $2.2B to Commercialize Fusion Energy”, TechCrunch, November 5, 2021.

325

 Friend, “Manifest Destiny.”

326

 Katherine Long, Hugh Langley, “OpenAI CEO Sam Altman Went on an 18–Month, $85–Million Real Estate Shopping Spree –