Homo Bonus. Обнадеживающая история человечества - Рутгер К. Брегман

BMC Psychiatry (5 February 2018).

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В конце 1980-х годов эволюционный антрополог Дэвид Басс провел опрос в 37 странах среди десятков тысяч людей. Его интересовало, что их привлекает в партнере. Опрос выявил небольшое расхождение между полами. Для мужчин важнее оказалась внешность, для женщин – деньги. Естественно, об этом написали все СМИ. При этом они полностью проигнорировали одно качество, которое стояло на первом месте у обоих полов: доброту. См. Dacher Keltner, ‘The Compassionate Species’, Greater Good Magazine (31 July 2012).

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Цит. по: Melyssa Allen, ‘Dog Cognition Expert Brian Hare Visits Meredith’, meredith.edu (October 2016).

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Carsten K. W. De Dreu et al., ‘The Neuropeptide Oxytocin Regulates Parochial Altruism in Intergroup Conflict Among Humans’, Science (11 June 2010).

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Raymond Dart, ‘The Predatory Transition from Ape to Man’, International Anthropological and Linguistic Review (No. 4, 1953).

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Raymond Dart, ‘The Predatory Transition from Ape to Man’, International Anthropological and Linguistic Review (No. 4, 1953).

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Цит. по: Rami Tzabar, ‘Do Chimpanzee Wars Prove That Violence Is Innate?’ bbc.com (11 August 2015).

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Richard Wrangham and Dale Peterson, Demonic Males: Apes and the Origins of Human Violence (New York, 1996), p. 63.

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Племя также называют къхунг или!кунг (!Kung). Восклицательный знак обозначает щелкающий звук, характерный для языка, на котором говорит племя.

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Richard Lee, The!Kung San (New York, 1979), p. 398.

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Steven Pinker, The Better Angels of Our Nature. Why Violence Has Declined (London, 2011), p. 36.

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Steven Pinker, The Better Angels of Our Nature. Why Violence Has Declined (London, 2011), p. xxi.

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Steven Pinker, The Better Angels of Our Nature. Why Violence Has Declined (London, 2011), p. xxi.

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О битве за Макин см. Anthony King, The Combat Soldier. Infantry Tactics and Cohesion in the Twentieth and Twenty-First Centuries (Oxford, 2013), pp. 46–48.

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Bill Davidson, ‘Why Half Our Combat Soldiers Fail to Shoot’, Collier’s Weekly (8 November 1952).

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Цит. по: King, The Combat Soldier, p. 48.

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S. L. A. Marshall, Men Against Fire. The Problem of Battle Command (Oklahoma, 2000), p. 79.

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S. L. A. Marshall, Men Against Fire. The Problem of Battle Command (Oklahoma, 2000), p. 78.

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Цит. по: John Douglas Marshall, Reconciliation Road: A Family Odyssey (Washington DC, 2000), p. 190.

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John Douglas Marshall, Reconciliation Road: A Family Odyssey (Washington DC, 2000), p. 190.

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David Lee, Up Close and Personal: The Reality of Close-Quarter Fighting in World War II (London, 2006), p. 19.

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Цит. по: Max Hastings, ‘Their Wehrmacht Was Better Than Our Army’, Washington Post (5 May 1985).

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Richard Holmes, Acts of War. Behaviour of Men in Battle (London, 1985), p. 376.

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Dave Grossman, On Killing. The Psychological Cost of Learning to Kill in War and Society (New York, 2009), p. 31.

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R. A. Gabriel, No More Heroes. Madness and Psychiatry in War (New York, 1987), p. 31.

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Major T. T. S. Laidley, ‘Breech-loading Musket’, The United States Service Magazine (January 1865), p. 69.

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Grossman, On Killing, pp. 23–26.

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Grossman, On Killing, p. 23.

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George Orwell, Homage to Catalonia (London, 2000), p. 39. Впервые опубликовано в 1938 году.

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Randall Collins, Violence. A Micro-sociological Theory (Princeton, 2008), p. 53.

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Randall Collins, Violence. A Micro-sociological Theory (Princeton, 2008), p. 11.

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Цит. по: Craig McGregor, ‘Nice Boy from the Bronx?’, New York Times (30 January 1972).

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Lee Berger, ‘Brief Communication: Predatory Bird Damage to the Taung Type-Skull of Australopithecus africanus Dart 1925’, American Journal of Physical Anthropology (31 May 2006).

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Об этой дискуссии см. John Horgan, ‘Anthropologist Brian Ferguson Challenges Claim that Chimp Violence is Adaptive’, Scientific American (18 September 2014).

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Michael L. Wilson et al., ‘Lethal Aggression in Pan is Better Explained by Adaptive Strategies than Human Impacts’, Nature (18 September 2014).

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Brian Hare, ‘Survival of the Friendliest: Homo sapiens Evolved via Selection for Prosociality’, Annual Review of Psychology (2017), pp. 162–163.

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Robert Sapolsky, ‘Rousseau with a Tail. Maintaining a Tradition of Peace Among Baboons’, War, Peace, and Human Nature. The Convergence of Evolutionary and Cultural Views (Oxford, 2013), p. 421.

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John Horgan, ‘The Weird Irony at the Heart of the Napoleon Chagnon Affair’, Scientific American (18 February 2013).

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Robert Sapolsky, Behave. The Biology of Humans at Our Best and Worst (London, 2017), p. 314.

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R. Brian Ferguson, ‘Born to Live: Challenging Killer Myths’, in Robert W. Sussman and C. Robert Cloninger (eds), Origins of Altruism and Cooperation (New York, 2009), pp. 258–259.

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Цит. по: Christopher Ryan and Cacilda Jethá, Sex at Dawn. How We Mate, Why We Stray, and What It Means for Modern Relationships (New York,