Мировые религии и культы: главные святыни. От паломничества до религиозного туризма - Кэтрин Херлок

des-Flamands a Rome au XVIIème et XVIIIème siècle’ in Pèlerins et Pèlerinage dans l’Europe modern: actes de la table ronde organisée par le Département d’Histoire et Civilisation de l’Institut Universitaire Européen de Florence et l’École Francise de Rome (Rome, 4–5 June 1993), 271–306.

278

Loren Partridge, The Renaissance in Rome, 1400–1600 (London: Weidenfeld & Nicholson, 1996), 23.

279

Luther’s Works, Vol. 44: The Christian in Society I, ed. Hartmut T. Lehmann and James Atkinson (Philadelphia; Fortress, 1966), 171; Matthew R. Anderson, ‘Luther and the Trajectories of Western Pilgrimage’, International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage, 7 (2019), 52–61.

280

Catherine Fletcher, The Beauty and the Terror (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2020), 125–9.

281

Partridge, Renaissance in Rome, 25; Jill E. Blondin, ‘Power Made Visible: Pope Sixtus IV as «Urbis Restaurateur» in Quattrocento Rome’, Catholic Historical Review, 91 (2005), 1–25; Peter Partner, Renaissance Rome, 1500–1559: a portrait of a society (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1976), 19.

282

Barbara Wisch, ‘The Matrix: «Le Sette Chiese di Roma» of 1575 and the Image of Pilgrimage’, Memoirs of the American Academy in Rome, 56/57, (2011/2012), 271; Mario Romani, Pellegrini e viaggiatori nell’economia di Roma dal XIV al XVII secolo, (Milan: Vita e Pensiero, 1948), 16–17.

283

Pastor, quoted in Stephen F. Ostrow, ‘The Counter-Reformation and the End of the Century’, in Rome, ed. Marcia Hall (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005), 281.

284

Partridge, Renaissance in Rome, 32.

285

Ostrow, ‘The Counter-Reformation’, 282–3.

286

Anna Blennow and Stefano Fogelberg Rota, ‘Introduction’, in Rome and the Guidebook Tradition: From the Middle Ages to the 20th Century, ed. Anna Blennow and Stefano Fogelberg Rota (Berlin: De Gruyter, 2019), 25.

287

Gregory Martin, Roma Sacra (1581), ed. George Bruner Parks (Rome, 1969).

288

Maier, The Eternal City, 109–110.

289

Ibid., 109.

290

Ibid., 113.

291

Гран-тур – обязательная образовательная поездка, в которую в XVIII–XIX веках европейские аристократы отправляли своих детей.

292

Minoru Ozawa, ‘Why did a Viking King Meet a Pope? Cnut’s Imperial Politics, Scandinavian Commercial Networks, and the Journey to Rome in 1027’, in Communicating Papal Authority in the Middle Ages, ed. Minoru Ozawa, Thomas W. Smith and Georg Strack (London: Routledge, 2023), 131–44.

293

W. B. Bartlett, King Cnut and the Viking Conquest of England (Stroud: Amberley, 2016), 44.

294

Pall Mall Gazette 1 March 1877; J. Nolan, History of the Irish National Pilgrimage to Rome; or, Notes on the Way (London, 1893).

295

E. O’L. ‘A Pilgrim’s Notes of the Irish National Pilgrimage to Rome: October, 1908’, Irish Monthly, 37 (1909), 136.

296

Francisco Javier Ramón Solans, ‘«A most select gathering»: Mexican National Pilgrimages to Rome during the papacy of Leo XIII’, Religions, 12 (2021), 1–18.

297

Brian Brennan, ‘Visiting «Peter in Chains»: French Pilgrimage to Rome, 1873–1893’, Journal of Ecclesiastical History 51 (2000), 741–65.

298

Christopher Duggan, ‘Political Cults in liberal Italy, 1861–1922’, in The Cult of the Duce: Mussolini and the Italians, ed. Stephen Gundle, Christopher Duggan and Giuliana Peri (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2013), 15.

299

Aristotle Kallis, The Third Rome, 1922–1943: The Making of a Fascist Capital (Basingstoke: Palgrave, 2014), 107.

300

Weekly Dispatch (London), 28 October 1923, 1.

301

Bosworth, Whispering City, 163

302

Ibid., 164.

303

David I. Ketrtzer, The Pope and Mussolini: The Secret History of Pius XI and the Rise of Fascism in Europe (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014), 217.

304

Georgiana Ţăranu, ‘Romanians Visiting Mussolini’s Italy: interwar ideological pilgrimages as efficient propaganda tools’, Annals of the Ovidius University of Constanţa, 6 (2017), 49.

305

Kallis, Third Rome, 235.

306

Ibid., 236, 238.

307

Paul Koudounaris, Heavenly Bodies: cult treasures and spectacular saints from the catacombs (London: W. W. Norton 2013).

308

Kirstin Noreen, ‘Sacred Memory and Confraternal Space: The Insignia of the Confraternity of Santissimo Salvatore (Rome)’, in Roma Felix, 181.

309

Wendy Mayer and Pauline Allen, John Chrysostom (London: Routledge, 2000), 86.

310

Michael Angold, ‘Church and Society: Iconoclasm and After’, in A Social History of Byzantium, ed. John Haldon (Oxford: Wiley Blackwell, 2008), 246.

311

M. M. Mango, ‘Pilgrimage’, in Oxford History of Byzantium, ed. C. Mango (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002), 118; Rene Pfeilschifter, ‘Always in Second Place: Constantinople as an Imperial and Religious Center in Late Antiquity’, in City of Caesar, City of God: Constantinople and Jerusalem in Late Antiquity, ed. Konstantin M. Klein and Johannes Wienand (Berlin: De Gruyter, 2022), 51. The earliest text referring to the translations is Jerome’s Chronicon, xxxv, 19 and 20, https://www.tertullian.org/fathers/jerome_chronicle_03_part2.htm; Paulinus of Nola, The Poems of Paulinus of Nola, trans. P. G. Walsh (New York: Newman Press, 1974), 142.

312

Charles Freeman, Holy Bones, Holy Dust: How Relics Shapes the History of Medieval Europe, (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2011), 38.

313

Sozemenus, ‘The Ecclesiastical History of Sozomen’, in Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, ed. Philip Schaff (Peabody, MA: Hendrickson, 2004), ii, 391.