Мировые религии и культы: главные святыни. От паломничества до религиозного туризма - Кэтрин Херлок

‘Jerusalem’, in Cities of God: the Bible and Archaeology in Nineteenth Century Britain, ed. David Gange and Michael Ledger Lomas (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2013), 108.

200

Kobi Cohen-Hattab, ‘Religion and Nationalism in Jewish Pilgrimage and Holy Sites: the Western Wall and Rachel’s Tomb as Case Studies’, in Religious Pilgrimage in the Mediterranean World, ed. Antón M. Pazos (London: Routledge, 2023), 132–5.

201

Государство – предшественник современной Иордании (1946–1949).

202

Ibid., 129.

203

Gideon Bar, ‘Reconstructing the Past: the Creation of Jewish Sacred Space in the State of Israel’, Israel Studies, 13 (2008), 1–21; Doron Bar, ‘Re-creating Jewish Sanctity in Jerusalem: Mount Zion and David’s Tomb, 1948–67’, Journal of Israeli History, 23 (2004), 260–78.

204

Uri Bialer, Cross on the Star of David: The Christian World in Israel’s Foreign Policy, 1948–1967 (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2005), 187–9.

205

Cohen-Hattab, ‘Religion and Nationalism’, 129.

206

Ibid., 135.

207

Farhad Daftary, The Ismā’ilis: their History and Doctrines (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007), 205.

208

W. M. Watt, A. J. Wensinck, C. E. Bosworth and R. B. Winder, ‘Mecca (Makka)’, in Historic Cities of the Islamic World, ed. C. Edmund Bosworth (Leiden: Brill, 2007), 344–5.

209

По последним справочным данным площадь Мекки составляет 451 км2, население 1 944 000 человек (2022).

210

John Slight, The British Empire and the Hajj, 1865–1956 (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2015), 325, n. 1.

211

L’Atlas Catalan, http://expositions.bnf.fr/ciel/catalan/index.htm.

212

R. M. Eaton, ‘From Bidar to Timbuktu: views from the edge of the 15thcentury Muslim world’, Medieval History Journal, 14 (2011), 1–20; Michael A. Gomez, African Dominion: A New History of Empire in Early and Medieval West Africa (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2018), 113–22.

213

Adrian Hastings, The Church in Africa: 1450–1950 (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1994), 61.

214

Michael Naylor Pearson, Pious Passengers: the Hajj in Earlier Times (London: Hurst, 1994), 174.

215

Quoted in Francis E. Peters, Mecca: A Literary History of the Muslim Holy Land (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1994), 21.

216

Mai Yamani, Cradle of Islam: The Hijaz and the Quest for Identity in Saudi Arabia (London: I. B. Taurus, 2009), 42–4.

217

The Travels of Ibn Jubayr, trans. R. J. C. Broadhurst (London: Jonathan Cape, 1952), 116–17.

218

One Thousand Roads to Mecca: ten centuries of travellers writing about Muslim Pilgrimage, ed. Michael Wolfe (New York: Grove Press, 1997), 43.

219

Ludovico di Varthema, The Travels of Ludovico di Varthema (Frankfurt: Verlag, 2022), 35.

220

Guy Barak, ‘Between Istanbul and Gujarat: Descriptions of Mecca in the Sixteenth-Century Indian Ocean’, Murqarnas, 34 (2017), 311–15.

221

Joseph Pitts, A True and Faithful Account of the Religion & Manners of the Mohametans, in which is a Particular Relations of their Pilgrimage to Mecca (Exeter, 1717), 70.

222

The Red Sea and Adjacent Countries at the Close of the Seventeenth Century, ed. William Foster (London: Hakluyt Society, 1949), 25.

223

E. Kane, Russian Hajj: Empire and the Pilgrimage to Mecca (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2015), 1–2.

224

Наваб – титул правителей некоторых провинций Восточной Индии.

225

The Nawab Sikandar, Begum of Bhopal. A Pilgrimage to Mecca, trans. And ed. Mrs Willoughby-Osborne. London: W. H. Allen, 1870), 9, 42.

226

The Travels of Ibn Jubayr, 91.

227

Arthur J. B. Wavell, A Modern Pilgrim in Mecca and A Siege in Sanaa (London: Constable, 1913), 68.

228

Ibid., 56, 58.

229

Ibid., 76.

230

Mirza Mohammad Hosayn Farahani, A Shi’ite Pilgrimage to Mecca, 1885–86, ed. and trans. Hafez Farmayan and Elton L. Daniel (Austin: University of Texas Press, 1990), 70.

231

Saurabh Misra, Pilgrimage, Politics, and Pestilence: the Haj from the Indian Subcontinent, 1860–1920 (New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2011).

232

Slight, The British Empire and the Hajj, 41, 64, 99.

233

Michael Christopher Low, ‘«The Infidel Piloting the True Believer»: Thomas Cook and the Business of the Colonial Hajj’, in The Hajj and Europe in the Age of Empire, ed. Umar Ryad (Leiden: Brill, 2017), 47–8.

234

Jonathan Miran, ‘«Stealing the Way» to Mecca: West African Pilgrims and Illicit Red Sea Passages’, Journal of African History, 56 (2015), 391.

235

For the date, Mahlik Dahlan, The Hijaz: the First Islamic State (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2018), xv.

236

Eldon Rutter, The Holy Cities of Arabia, vol. I (London: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, Ltd, 1928), 173.

237

Dahlan, The Hijaz, 113.

238

Saud al-Sarhan, ‘The Saudis as Managers of the Hajj’, in E Tagliocozzo and Shawkat M. Toorawa, eds, The Hajj: Pilgrimage in Islam (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2016), 201.

239

Rutter, The Holy Cities of Arabia, 174.

240

Madawi al-Rasheed, A History of Saudi Arabia, 2nd edn (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010), 89.