Тяга. Всемирная история зависимости - Карл Эрик Фишер

and Industry Forecast, 2018–2025 (Portland, OR: Allied Market Research, 2018), https://www.alliedmarketresearch.com/alcoholic-beverages-market.

565

René I. Jahiel, Thomas F. Babor, “Industrial Epidemics, Public Health Advocacy and the Alcohol Industry: Lessons from Other Fields,” Addiction 102, no. 9 (September 2007): 1335–1339, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1360–0443.2007.01900.x. Об открытии рынков Юго-Восточной Азии и Африки для алкоголя и аналогичных устремлениях глобальных производителей продуктов питания см. также David Courtwright, The Age of Addiction: How Bad Habits Became Big Business (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2019), 150, 190.

566

Øystein Bakke, Dag Endal, “Vested Interests in Addiction Research and Policy Alcohol Policies Out of Context: Drinks Industry Supplanting Government Role in Alcohol Policies in Sub-Saharan Africa,” Addiction 105, no. 1 (January 2010): 22–28, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1360–0443.2009.02695.x.

567

Bakke and Endal, “Vested Interests in Addiction Research,” 26.

568

Sarah Milov, The Cigarette: A Political History (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2019); David T. Courtwright, Forces of Habit: Drugs and the Making of the Modern World (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2001), 114–122; Iris Mostegel, “The Original Influencer,” History Today, February 6, 2019, https://www.historytoday.com/miscellanies/original-influencer. Больше изображений в работе Wendy Christensen, “Torches of Freedom: Women and Smoking Propaganda,” Sociological Images (blog), February 27, 2012, https://thesocietypages.org/socimages/2012/02/27/torches-of-freedom-women-and-smoking-propaganda/.

569

David T. Courtwright, “Mr. ATOD’s Wild Ride: What Do Alcohol, Tobacco, and Other Drugs Have in Common?” Social History of Alcohol and Drugs 20, no. 1 (Fall 2005): 105–124, https://doi.org/10.1086/SHAD20010105.

570

Betty Ford, Chris Chase, Betty: A Glad Awakening (New York: Doubleday, 1987), 53–60. См. также White, Slaying the Dragon, 396–397. Следует отметить, что для многих феминистских авторов история Бетти не была вдохновляющей: они видели в ней историю домохозяйки, которая провалилась в выполнении «супружеских обязанностей», после чего была отдана в руки патерналистской системы лечения.

571

John Duka, “Elizabeth Taylor: Journal of a Recovery,” New York Times, February 4, 1985, https://www.nytimes.com/1985/02/04/style/elizabeth-taylor-journal-of-a-recovery.html.

572

White, Slaying the Dragon, 395.

573

Travis, Language of the Heart (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina, 2009), 274.

574

Vince R. Miller, “The Twelve Steps: Meeting the Challenge of Our Success,” Recovering, January 1991, 1–9, цит. по Robin Room, “Healing Ourselves and Our Planet: The Emergence and Nature of a Generalized Twelve-Step Consciousness,” Contemporary Drug Problems 19 (Winter 1992): 717–740.

575

Brown and Brown, Mrs. Marty Mann, 217.

576

Stanton Peele, The Meaning of Addiction (San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 1985), 28.

577

В «Большой книге» история Мэнн рассказывается в главе «Женщины тоже страдают» (Women Suffer Too).

578

Kurtz, Not God, 199.

579

Raphael, Bill W. and Mr. Wilson, 60.

580

Bill Wilson, lecture to the National Clergy Conference on Alcoholism, 1960, http://www.a-1associates.com/aa/LETS_ASK_BILL/wilsonstalktotheclergy.htm.

581

Marty Mann, New Primer on Alcoholism: How People Drink, How to Recognize Alcoholics, and What to Do about Them (New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1958). См. в особенности гл. 2.

582

См., например, Nicholas J. Wareham and Stephen O’Rahilly, “The Changing Classification and Diagnosis of Diabetes: New Classification Is Based on Pathogenesis, Not Insulin Dependence,” British Medical Journal 317, no. 7155 (August 1998): 359–360, https://dx.doi.org/10.1136%2Fbmj.317.7155.359; Steven H. Woolf and Stephen F. Rothemich, “New Diabetes Guidelines: A Closer Look at the Evidence,” American Family Physician 58, no. 6 (October 1998): 1287–1289, PMID: 9803186; Barbara Brooks-Worrell, Jerry P. Palmer, “Is Diabetes Mellitus a Continuous Spectrum?” Clinical Chemistry 57, no. 2 (February 2011): 158–61, https://doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2010.148270.

583

Марти Мэнн, письмо Джулиану Армстронгу, 8 сентября 1945, цит. по Johnson, “Alcoholism Movement,” 289.

584

Mann, New Primer, 128–129.

585

Robin Room, Wayne D. Hall, “Frameworks for Understanding Drug Use and Societal Responses,” в кн. Drug Use in Australian Society, 2nd ed., ed. A. Ritter, T. King, and M. Hamilton (Sydney: Oxford University Press, 2017).

586

J. Morris et al., “Continuum Beliefs Are Associated with Higher Problem Recognition than Binary Beliefs among Harmful Drinkers without Addiction Experience,” Addictive Behaviors 105 (June 2020): 106292, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106292.

587

William R. Miller et al., “What Predicts Relapse? Prospective Testing of Antecedent Models,” Addiction 91, no. S1 (August 1996): S155–172, PMID: 8997790.

588

Bernice A. Pescosolido et al., “ ‘A Disease Like Any Other’? A Decade of Change in Public Reactions to Schizophrenia, Depression, and Alcohol Dependence,” American Journal of Psychiatry 167, no. 11 (November 2010): 1321–1330, https://dx.doi.org/10.1176%2Fappi.ajp.2010.09121743. См. также Emma E. McGinty and Colleen L. Barry, “Stigma Reduction to Combat the Addiction Crisis – Developing an Evidence Base,” New England Journal of Medicine 382, no. 14 (April 2020): 1291–1292, https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMp2000227.

589

Кит Хэмфрис, в электронном письме к автору, 28 июля 2020 года. Относительно недавно некоммерческая организация по борьбе с зависимостью Shatterproof начала новую кампанию против стигматизации, гораздо более детализированную и в меньшей степени опирающуюся на понятие болезни: “Shatterproof Releases National Addiction Stigma Strategy as the COVID-19 Pandemic Continues to Worsen the Addiction Public Health Crisis,” Shatterproof, accessed February 27, 2021, https://www.shatterproof.org/press/shatterproof-releases-national-addiction-stigma-strategy-covid-19-pandemic-continues-worsen.

590

William Seabrook, Asylum (New York: Dover, 2015). Писатель Уилли Сибрук – яркий пример этого явления. “Willie Seabrook, Author, Is Suicide,” St. Petersburg Times, September 21, 1945.

591

William S. Burroughs, Junky, ed. Oliver Harris (New York: Penguin Classics, 2008), 30–33; Ted Morgan, Literary Outlaw: The Life and Times of William S. Burroughs (New York: W. W. Norton, 1988), 61, 251.

592

David T. Courtwright, “A Century of