Революция разума: на подступах к Сингулярности. Как технологии изменят общество и сознание - Рэймонд Курцвейл

“Key Facts from JMP 2015 Report”, World Health Organization, 2015, https://web.archive.org/web/20211209095710/https://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/publications/JMP-2015-keyfacts-en-rev.pdf.

242. “Key Facts from JMP 2015 Report”, World Health Organization, 2015; Progress on Household Drinking Water, Sanitation and Hygiene 2000–2020, 7–8.

243. Последний год, за который доступна качественная статистика, – 2019-й, вероятнее всего, из-за искажений статистики в области здравоохранения, вызванных пандемией COVID-19. См. Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, “GBD Results Tool”, Global Heath Data Exchange, последняя проверка доступности 28 апреля 2023 года, http://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-results-tool; World Health Organization, “Diarrhoeal Disease”, World Health Organization, May 2, 2017, https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/diarrhoeal-disease.

244. Подробнее об этих технологиях, в том числе забавный ролик, в котором Билл Гейтс и Джимми Фэллон пьют канализационную воду, очищенную системой Janicki Omniprocessor: Bill Gates, “Janicki Omniprocessor”, GatesNotes, YouTube video, January 5, 2015, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bVzppWSIFU0; “Bill Gates and Jimmy Drink Poop Water”, The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon, YouTube video, January 22, 2015, https://www.you tube.com/watch?v=FHgsL0dpQ-U; Stephen Beacham, “How the LifeStraw Is Eradicating an Ancient Disease”, CNET, April 9, 2020, https://www.cnet.com/news/how-the-lifestraw-is-eradicating-an-ancient-disease; “Lifestraw Challenge: Drinking Pee, Backwash & More!”, Vat19, YouTube video, June 2, 2017, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_mkUTSGCF3I; Rebecca Paul, “6 Water-purifying Devices for Clean Drinking Water in the Developing World”, Inhabitat, November 8, 2013, https://inhabitat.com/6-water-purifying-devices-for-clean-drinking-water-in-the-developing-world.

245. См. “Roving Blue O-Pen Silver Advanced Portable Water Purification Device”, Roving Blue Inc., YouTube video, November 5, 2018, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XeTp1iKQW28; Laurel Wilson, “Church Volunteers Install Water Systems in Other Countries”, Bowling Green Daily News, December 27, 2014, https://www.bgdailynews.com/news/church-volunteers-install-water-systems-in-other-countries/article_969f45ad-7694-54af-8cb3-155e67ca54ad.html.

246. Aimee M. Gall et al., “Waterborne Viruses: A Barrier to Safe Drinking Water”, PLoS Pathogens 11, no. 6, article e1004867 (June 25, 2015), https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1004867.

247. “Microfiber Matters”, Minnesota Pollution Control Agency, February 4, 2019, https://www.pca.state.mn.us/featured/microfiber-matters.

248. Подробнее о технологии «Праща» (Slingshot) изобретателя Дина Кеймена: “Slingshot Water Purifier”, Atlas Initiative Group, YouTube video, February 11, 2012, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Uk_T9MiZKRs; Tom Foster, “Pure Genius: How Dean Kamen’s Invention Could Bring Clean Water to Millions”, Popular Science, June 16, 2014, https://www.popsci.com/article/science/pure-genius-how-dean-kamens-invention-could-bring-clean-water-millions.

249. Длинное, но очень интересное видео о том, как работает двигатель Стирлинга и в чем его преимущества: “Stirling Engines – The Power of the Future?”, Lindybeige, YouTube video, November 28, 2016, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vGlDsFAOWXc.

250. Больше научных данных о зарождении сельского хозяйства: Rhitu Chatterjee, “Where Did Agriculture Begin? Oh Boy, It’s Complicated”, NPR, July 15, 2016, https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2016/07/15/485722228/where-did-agriculture-begin-oh-boy-its-complicated; Ainit Snir et al., “The Origin of Cultivation and Proto-Weeds, Long Before Neolithic Farming”, PLOS One 10, no. 7 (July 22, 2015), https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0131422.

251. David A. Pietz, Dorothy Zeisler-Vralsted, Water and Human Societies (Cham, Switzerland: Springer International Publishing, 2021), 55–57.

252. National Agricultural Statistics Service, “Corn, Grain – Yield, Measured in Bu / Acre”, Quick Stats, US Department of Agriculture, accessed April 28, 2023, https://quickstats.nass.usda.gov/results/FBDE769A-0982-37DB-BA6D-A312ABDAA2B6; National Agricultural Statistics Service, “Corn and Soybean Production Down in 2022, USDA Reports Corn Stocks Down, Soybean Stocks Down from Year Earlier Winter Wheat Seedings Up for 2023”, US Department of Agriculture, January 12, 2023, https://www.nass.usda.gov/Newsroom/2023/01-12-2023.php.

253. Hannah Ritchie and Max Roser, “Crop Yields”, Our World in Data, updated September 2019, https://ourworldindata.org/crop-yields; Hannah Ritchie and Max Roser, “Land Use”, Our World in Data, September 2019, https://ourworldindata.org/land-use; “Food and Agriculture Data”, FAOSTAT.

254. Lebergott, “Labor Force and Employment, 1800–1960”, 119; Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, “Employment by Economic Activity: Agriculture: All Persons for the United States (LFEAAGTTUSQ647S)”, retrieved from FRED, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, updated April 20, 2023, https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/LFEAAGTTUSQ647S; US Bureau of Labor Statistics, “Civilian Labor Force Level (CLF16OV)”, retrieved from FRED, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, updated April 7, 2023, https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/CLF16OV.

255. Подробнее о вертикальном сельском хозяйстве и его краткосрочных перспективах: “Why Vertical Farming Is the Future of Food”, RealLifeLore2, YouTube video, May 17, 2020, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IBleQycVanU; “This Farm of the Future Uses No Soil and 95 % Less Water”, Seeker Stories, YouTube video, July 5, 2016, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-_tvJtUHnmU; Stuart Oda, “Are Indoor Vertical Farms the Future of Agriculture?”, TED, YouTube video, February 7, 2020, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z9jXW9r1xr8; David Roberts, “This Company Wants to Build a Giant Indoor Farm Next to Every Major City in the World”, Vox, April 11, 2018, https://www.vox.com/energy-and-environment/2017/11/8/16611710/vertical-farms; Selina Wang, “This HighTech Vertical Farm Promises Whole Foods Quality at Walmart Prices”, Bloomberg, September 6, 2017, https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2017-09-06/this-high-tech-vertical-farm-promises-whole-foods-quality-at-walmart-prices.

256. Подробнее о технологии вертикального сельского хозяйства: Kyree Leary, “Crops Are Harvested Without Human Input, Teasing the Future of Agriculture”, Futurism, February 26, 2018, https://futurism.com/automated-agriculture-uk; “Growing Up: How Vertical Farming Works”, B1M, YouTube video, March 6, 2019, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QT4TWbPLrN8.

257. William Park, “How Far Can Vertical Farming Go?”, BBC, January 11, 2023, https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20230106-what-if-all-our-food-was-grown-in-indoor-vertical-farms; Ian Frazier, “The Vertical Farm”, New Yorker, January 1, 2017, https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2017/01/09/the-vertical-farm.

258. Подробнее об экономии воды на вертикальных фермах наподобие Gotham Greens и Aero-Farms: Brian Heater, “Gotham Greens Just Raised $310M to Expand Its Greenhouses Nationwide”, TechCrunch, September 12, 2022, https://techcrunch.com/2022/09/12/gotham-greens-just-raised-310m-to-expand-its-greenhouses-nationwide; “Our Farms”, Gotham Greens, последняя проверка доступности 31 марта 2023 года, https://www.gothamgreens.com/our-farms; “This Future Farm Uses No Soil and 95 % Less Water”, FutureWise, YouTube video, June 26, 2018, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SHkwXRMLcmE.

259. Laura Reiley, “Indoor Farming Looks Like It Could Be the Answer to Feeding a Hot and Hungry Planet. It’s Not That Easy”, Washington Post, November 19, 2019, https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2019/11/19/indoor-farming-is-one-decades-hottest-trends-regulations-make-success-elusive.

260. Ritchie, “Half of the World’s Habitable Land Is Used for Agriculture”; Ellis et al., “Anthropogenic Transformation of the Biomes”; “Food and Agriculture Data”, FAOSTAT.

261. Подробнее об изобретении 3D-печати: Drew Turney, “History of 3D Printing: It’s Older Than You Think”, Design and Make with Autodesk, August 31, 2021, https://www.autodesk.com/redshift/history-of-3d-printing; Leo Gregurić, “History of 3D Printing: When Was 3D Printing Invented?”, All3DP, December 10, 2018, https://web.archive.org/web/20211227053912/https://all3dp.com/2/history-of-3d-printing-when-was-3d-printing-invented/.

262. Подробнее о самом процессе 3D-печати: “How Does 3D Printing Work? | The Deets”, Digital Trends, YouTube video, September 22, 2019, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dGajFRaS834; Rebecca Matulka and Matty Green, “How 3D Printers Work”, Department of Energy, June 19, 2014, https://www.energy.gov/articles/how-3d-printers-work.

263. Эксперты в сфере 3D-печати рассказывают о перспективах отрасли; фотографии, показывающие улучшение разрешения, с которым 3D-принтеры обрабатывают детали: Michael Petch, “80 Additive Manufacturing Experts Predict the 3D Printing Trends to Watch in 2020”, 3DPrintingIndustry.com, January 15, 2020, https://3dprintingindustry.com/news/80-additive-manufacturing-experts-predict-the-3d-printing-trends-to-watch-in-2020-167177; Leo Gregurić, “The Smallest 3D Printed Things”, All3DP, January 30, 2019, https://all3dp.com/2/the-smallest-3d-printed-things.

264. “How It Works”, FitMyFoot, последняя проверка доступности 29 июня 2022 года, https://web.archive.org/web/20220629040739/https://fitmyfoot.com/pages/how-it-works.

265. Пример того, как 3D-печать используется для подгонки мебели под фигуру клиента: “IKEA Partnering with eSports Academy to Scan Bodies and 3D-Print Chairs”, NowThis, September 15, 2018, https://nowthisnews.com/videos/future/ikea-and-esports-academy-are-making-3d-printed-chairs; Bianca Britton, “The 3D-Printed Wheelchair: A Revolution in Comfort?”, CNN, January 24,