Эпоха пропаганды - Эллиот Аронсон

M. (1996). Reasonable doubts. New York: Simon & Schuster; Lang, K., & Lang, G. E. (1968). Politics & television. Chicago: Quadrangle Books, особая глава, озаглавленная “MacArthur Day in Chicago”.

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Gaveling the deadbeats. (1995, July 31). U.S. News & World Report, p. 14.

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Описания того, как американские президенты контролируют новости, см.: Maltese, J. A. (1992). Spin control. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.

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Spence, G. (1995). How to argue and win every time. New York: St. Martin’s, especially p. 95.

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Canon, L. (1964). Self-confidence and selective exposure to information. In L. Festinger (Ed.), Conflict, decision, and dissonance (pp. 83–96). Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press. Обзор см.: Frey, D. (1986). Recent research on selective exposure to information. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 19, pp. 41–80). New York: Academic Press.

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Hyman, H., & Sheatsley, P. B. (1947). Some reasons why information campaigns fail. Public Opinion Quarterly, 11, 412–423.

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Пример взят из книги: Backer, T. E., Rogers, E. M., & Sopory, P. (1992). Designing health communication campaigns: What works? Newbury Park, CA: Sage.

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Schneider, C. (1987). Children’s television: The art, the business, and how it works. Lincolnwood, IL: NTC Business Books, p. 9.

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Pratkanis, A. R. (1997). The social psychology of mass communications: An American perspective. In D. F. Halpern & A. Voiskounsky (Eds.), States of mind: American and post-Soviet perspectives on contemporary issues in psychology (pp. 126–159). New York: Oxford University Press. Список техник по улучшению эффективности информационных кампаний см.: Backer, Rogers, & Sopory (1992), note 3, pp. 30–32; Kotler, P., & Roberto, E. L. (1989). Social marketing. New York: Free Press.

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Merton, R. K. (1946). Mass persuasion: The social psychology of a war bond drive. New York: Harper & Brothers.

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Mendelsohn, H. (1973). Some reasons why information campaigns can succeed. Public Opinion Quarterly, 37, 50–61.

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Ball, S., & Bogatz, G. A. (1970). The first year of Sesame Street. Princeton, NJ: Educational Testing Service; Bogatz, G. A., & Ball, S. (1972). The second year of Sesame Street. Princeton, NJ: Educational Testing Service; Cook, T. D., Appleton, H., Conner, R. F, Shaffer, A., Tabkin, G., & Weber, J. S. (1975). Sesame Street revisited. New York: Russell Sage; Liebert, R. M., & Sprafkin, J. (1988). The early window. New York: Pergamon; Stein, A. H., & Friedrich, L. K. (1972). Television content and young children’s behavior. In J. P. Murray, E. A. Rubinstein, & G. A. Comstock (Eds.), Television and social behavior (Vol. 2, pp. 202–317). DHEW Publication No. HSM 72-9057. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

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Entman, R. M. (1989). Democracy without citizens. New York: Oxford University Press.

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Cousins, N. (1957, October 5). Smudging the subconscious. Saturday Review, p. 20.

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Key, W. B. (1973). Subliminal seduction. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Signet; Key, W. B. (1976). Media sexploitation. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Signet; Key, W. B. (1980). The clam-plate orgy. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Signet; Key, W. B. (1989). The age of manipulation. New York: Holt.

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Key (1973), p. 1, см. прим. 2.

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Natale, J. A. (1988, September). Are you open to suggestion? Psychology Today, pp. 28–30.

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Pratkanis, A. R., & Greenwald, A. G. (1988). Recent perspectives on unconscious processing: Still no marketing applications. Psychology and Marketing, 5, 339–355. Описание истории этого исследования см.: Pratkanis, A. R. (1992). The cargo-cult science of subliminal persuasion. Skeptical Inquirer, 16, 260–272.

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Превосходный обзор научных результатов по бессознательным процессам см.: Greenwald, A. G. (1992). New look 3: Unconscious cognition reclaimed. American Psychologist, 47, 766–779.

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Например, Хоукинс первоначально сообщал, что сублиминальные послания могли затрагивать такие физиологические стимулы, как голод или жажда. Однако потом он не сумел воспроизвести этот эффект. См.: Hawkins, D. I. (1970). The effects of subliminal stimulation on drive level and brand preference. Journal of Marketing Research, 7, 322–326; Beatty, S. E., & Hawkins, D. I. (1989). Subliminal stimulation: Some new data and interpretation. Journal of Advertising, 18, 4–8.

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Moore, T. E. (1982). Subliminal advertising: What you see is what you get. Journal of Marketing, 46, 38–47.

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Haberstroh, J. (1994). Ice cube sex: The truth about subliminal advertising. Notre Dame, IN: Cross Roads Books. Эта книга представляет собой одну из лучших популярных попыток описать и разоблачить историю с сублиминальным влиянием и настоятельно рекомендуется тем, кого интересует дополнительная информация по этой теме.

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“Phone now”, said CBC subliminally — but nobody did. (1958, February 10). Advertising Age, p. 8.

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Цит. по Danzig, F. (1962, September 17). Subliminal advertising — Today it’s just an historical flashback for researcher Vicary. Advertising Age, pp. 73–74. См. также: Weir, W. (1984, October 15). Another look at subliminal “facts”. Advertising Age, p. 46.

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Rogers, S. (1992–1993). How a publicity blitz created the myth of subliminal advertising. Public Relations Quarterly, 37, 12–17.

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См., напр.: Gable, M., Wilkens, H. T, Harris, L., & Feinberg, R. (1987). An evaluation of subliminally embedded sexual stimuli in graphics. Journal of Advertising, 16, 26–31; George, S. G., & Jennings, L. B. (1975). Effects of subliminal stimuli on consumer behavior: Negative evidence. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 41, 847–854.

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