Эпоха пропаганды - Эллиот Аронсон

330

Pratkanis, A. R., Eskenazi, J., & Greenwald, A. G. (1994). What you expect is what you believe (but not necessarily what you get): A test of the effectiveness of subliminal self-help audiotapes. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 15, 251–276.

331

Greenwald, A. G., Spangenberg, E. R., Pratkanis, A. R., & Eskenazi, J. (1991). Double-blind tests of subliminal self-help audiotapes. Psychological Science, 2, 119–122.

332

См.: Pratkanis, Eskenazi, & Greenwald (1994), note 15, pp. 268–269.

333

British Psychological Society. (1992). Subliminal messages. Leicester, England. Eich, E., & Hyman, R. (1991). Subliminal self-help. In D. Druckman & R. A. Bjork (Eds.), In the mind’s eye: Enhancing human performance (pp. 107–119). Washington, DC: National Academy Press.

334

Описания недавних исследований, провозглашающих получение сублиминальных эффектов, см.: Epley, N, Savitsky, K., & Kachelski, R. A. (1999). What every skeptic should know about subliminal persuasion. Skeptical Inquirer, 23(5), 40–45, 58. Будет интересно посмотреть, произойдет ли с результатами этого исследования то же, что и с заявлениями, высказанными ранее.

335

Zanot, E. J., Pincus, J. D., & Lamp, E. J. (1983). Public perceptions of subliminal advertising. Journal of Advertising, 12, 37–45. For more recent poll results, see Haberstroh (1994), note 9.

336

Описание суда см.: Moore, T. E. (1996). Scientific consensus and expert testimony: Lessons from the Judas Priest trial. Skeptical Inquirer, 20(6), 32–38, 60.

337

In Re Vance and Belknap v. Judas Priest and CBS Records. 86-5844/86-3939. Second District Court of Nevada. August 24, 1990, p. 31.

338

См.: Baier, M. (1983). Elements of direct marketing. New York: McGraw-Hill; Caples, J. (1974). Tested advertising methods. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall; Harper, R. (1986). Mailing list strategies. New York: McGraw-Hill; Popeil, R. (1995). The salesman of the century. New York: Delacorte; Schumann, D. W., & Thorson, E. (Eds.). (1999). Advertising and the World Wide Web. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum; Stone, B. (1986). Successful direct marketing methods. Lincolnwood, IL: Crain; Wunderman, L. (1997). Being direct. New York: Random House; Zeff, R., & Aronson, B. (1999). Advertising on the Internet. New York: Wiley.

339

Hosteder, J. A. (1974). Hutterite society. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press; Redekop, C. (1989). Mennonite society. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press; Strayer, J. R., Gatzke, H. W, & Harbison, E. H. (1974). The mainstream of civilization. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.

340

Sifakis, C. (1993). Hoaxes and scams. New York: Facts on File.

341

Singer, M. T, & Lalich, J. (1995). Cults in our midst. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. This book is highly recommended to those seeking a more in-depth treatment of cults.

342

См.: Singer & Lalich (1995), note 3.

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Примеры и подробности взяты из: Butterfield, S. (1985). Amway: The cult of free enterprise. Boston: South End Press; Galanter, M. (1989). Cults: Faith, healing, and coercion. New York: Oxford University Press; Hassan, S. (1990). Combatting cult mind control. Rochester, VT: Park Street Press; Kanter, R. M. (1972). Commitment and community: Communes and Utopias in sociological perspective. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press; Kaplan, D. E., & Marshall, A. (1996). The cult at the end of the world. New York: Crown; Kramer, J., & Alstad, D. (1993). The guru papers. Berkeley, CA: North Adantic Books/Frog Ltd.; Lifton, R. J. (1963). Thought reform and the psychology of totalism: A study of “brainwashing” in China. New York: Norton (эта классическая работа переводится нами на русский язык и планируется к изданию. — Прим. перев.); Osherow, N. (1988). Making sense of the nonsensical: An analysis of Jonestown. In E. Aronson (Ed.), Readings about the social animal (pp. 68–86). New York: Freeman; Patrick, T, & Dulack, T. (1976). Let our children go! New York: Ballantine; Ritchie, J. (1991). The secret world of cults. London: Angus & Robertson; Schein, E. H. (1961). Coercive persuasion. New York: Norton; Stoner, C, & Parke, J. A. (1977). All God’s children. Radnor, PA: Chilton Book Co.; Tabor, J. D., & Gallagher, E. V. (1995). Why Waco? Berkeley: University of California Press; Tobias, M. L., & Lalich, J. (1994). Captive hearts, captive minds. Alameda, CA: Hunter House; Weightman, J. M. (1983). Making sense of the Jonestown suicides. New York: Mellen. For another example of the use of these tactics, see Pratkanis, A. R. (1995). How to sell a pseudoscience. Skeptical Inquirer, 19(4), 19–25.

344

Patrick & Dulack (1976), p. 45, см. прим. 5.

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Концепцию освобождения из деструктивных культовых групп см.: Hassan, S. (2000). Releasing the bonds: Empowering people to think for themselves. Somerville, MA: Freedom of Mind Press (перевод на русский язык см.: Хассен С. Освобождение от психологического насилия: деструктивные культы, контроль сознания, методы помощи. СПб: прайм-Еврознак, 2001); Lagone, M. D. (Ed.). (1993). Recovery from cults. New York: Norton (эта книга переведена нами на русский язык, но перевод пока не опубликован. — Прим. перев.).

346

Hitler, A. (1925). Mein Kampf. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, p. 176.

347

Jowett, G. S., & O’Donnell, V. (1986). Persuasion and propaganda. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage; Peterson, H. C. (1939). Propaganda for war: The campaign against American neutrality, 1914–1917. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press.

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Великолепные исследования нацистской пропаганды и пропаганды времен Второй мировой войны см.: Childers, T. (1983). The Nazi voter. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press; Doob, L. W. (1950). Goebbels’ principles of propaganda. Public Opinion Quarterly, 14, 419–422; Hale, O. J. (1964). The captive press in the