Революция разума: на подступах к Сингулярности. Как технологии изменят общество и сознание - Рэймонд Курцвейл

(2017 PPP) (% of population)”, World Bank, accessed March 25, 2023, https://data.world bank.org/indicator/SI.POV.DDAY; World Bank, “Population, Total for World (SPPOPTOTLWLD)”, retrieved from FRED, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, updated July 4, 2023, https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/SPPOPTOTLWLD.

2. UNESCO Institute for Statistics, “Literacy Rate, Adult Total (% of People Ages 15 and Above)”, retrieved from Worldbank.org, October 24 2022, https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SE.ADT.LITR.ZS.

3. Progress on Household Drinking Water, Sanitation and Hygiene 2000–2020: Five Years into the SDGs (Geneva: World Health Organization and United Nations Children’s Fund, 2021), 9, https://apps.who.int/iris/rest/bitstreams/1369501/retrieve.

4. World Bank Development Research Group, “Poverty Headcount Ratio at $2.15 a day”; World Bank, “Population, Total for World (SPPOPTOTLWLD)”.

5. UNESCO Institute for Statistics, “Literacy Rate, Adult Total”.

6. Progress on Household Drinking Water, Sanitation and Hygiene 2000–2020, 9.

7. Ray Kurzweil, The Age of Spiritual Machines: When Computers Exceed Human Intelligence (New York: Viking, 1999).

8. Ray Kurzweil, The Singularity Is Near (New York: Viking, 2005).

9. Peter H. Diamandis and Steven Kotler, Abundance: The Future Is Better Than You Think (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2012).

10. Steven Pinker, Enlightenment Now: The Case for Reason, Science, Humanism, and Progress (New York: Penguin, 2018).

11. Andrew Evans, “The First Thanksgiving Travel”, National Geographic, November 24, 2011, https://www.nationalgeographic.com/travel/digital-nomad/2011/11/24/the-first-thanksgiving-travel.

12. Henry Fairlie, “Henry Fairlie on What Europeans Thought of Our Revolution”, New Republic, July 3, 2014, https://newrepublic.com/article/118527/american-revolution-what-did-europeans-think; Peter Stanford, “The Street of Ships in New York”, Boating 21, no. 1 (January 1967): 48, https://books.google.com/books?id=VsMYj3YIKLcC.

13. Vaclav Smil, “Crossing the Atlantic”, IEEE Spectrum, March 28, 2018, https://spectrum.ieee.org/transportation/marine/crossing-the-atlantic.

14. Frank W. Geels, Technological Transitions and System Innovations: A Co-evolutionary and Socio-Technical Analysis (Cambridge, UK: Edward Elgar, 2005), 135, https://books.google.com/books?id=SDfrb7TNX5 °C.

15. Steven Ujifusa, A Man and His Ship: America’s Greatest Naval Architect and His Quest to Build the S.S. United States (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2012), 152, https://books.goo gle.com/books?id=H6KB4q7M938C.

16. John C. Spychalski, “Transportation”, in The Columbia History of the 20th Century, ed. Richard W. Bulliet (New York: Columbia University Press, 1998), 409, https://books.goo gle.com/books?id=9QsqpvR0nq0C.

17. Jason Paur, “Oct. 4, 1958: ‘Comets’ Debut Trans-Atlantic Jet Age”, Wired, October 4, 2010, https://www.wired.com/2010/10/1004first-transatlantic-jet-service-boac.

18. Howard Slutsken, “What It Was Really Like to Fly on Concorde”, CNN, March 2, 2019, https://www.cnn.com/travel/article/concorde-flying-what-was-it-like/index.html.

19. “London to New York Flight Duration”, Finance.co.uk, последняя проверка доступности 14 апреля 2023 года, https://www.finance.co.uk/travel/flight-times-and-durations-calculator/london-to-new-york.

20. Интересная статья о роли конфликта в сюжете, а также доказательство, что в новостях предпочтение отдается негативным событиям: Jerry Flattum, “What Is a Story? Conflict – The Foundation of Storytelling”, Script, March 18, 2013, https://scriptmag.com/features/conflict-the-foundation-of-story telling; Stuart Soroka, Patrick Fournier, and Lilach Nir, “Cross-National Evidence of a Negativity Bias in Psychophysiological Reactions to News”, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 38 (September 17, 2019): 18888–92, https://doi.org/10.1073 /pnas.1908369116.

21. Подробнее о том, как алгоритмы социальных сетей разжигают конфликты и способствуют радикализации мнений: “Jonathan Haidt: How Social Media Drives Polarization”, Amanpour and Company, YouTube video, December 4, 2019, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G9ofYEfewNE; Eli Pariser, “How News Feed Algorithms Supercharge Confirmation Bias”, Big Think, YouTube video, December 18, 2018, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=prx9bxzns3g; Damon Centola, “Why Social Media Makes Us More Polarized and How to Fix It”, Scientific American, October 15, 2020, https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/why-social-media-makes-us-more-polarized-and-how-to-fix-it.

22. Max Roser, “Economic Growth”, Our World in Data, accessed October 11, 2021, https:// ourworldindata.org/economic-growth; Ryland Thomas and Nicholas Dimsdale, “A Millennium of UK Data”, Bank of England OBRA dataset, 2017, https://www.bankofengland.co.uk/-/media/boe/files/statistics/research-datasets/a-millennium-of-macroeconomic-data-for-the-uk.xlsx; “Inflation Calculator”, Bank of England, последняя проверка доступности 14 апреля 2023 года, https://www.bankofengland.co.uk/monetary-policy/inflation/inflation-calculator; Stephen Broadberry et al., British Economic Growth, 1270–1870 (Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2015).

23. Roser, “Economic Growth”; Thomas and Dimsdale, “A Millennium of UK Data”; “Inflation Calculator”, Bank of England; Broadberry et al., British Economic Growth.

24. Roser, “Economic Growth”; Thomas and Dimsdale, “A Millennium of UK Data”; “Inflation Calculator”, Bank of England; Broadberry et al., British Economic Growth.

25. Roser, “Economic Growth”; Thomas and Dimsdale, “A Millennium of UK Data”; “Inflation Calculator”, Bank of England; Broadberry et al., British Economic Growth.

26. Peter Nowak, “The Rise of Mean World Syndrome in Social Media”, Globe and Mail, November 6, 2014, https://www.theglobeandmail.com/life/relationships/the-rise-of-mean-world-syndrome-in-social-media/article21481089.

27. Подробнее об этих исследованиях: Paula McGrath, “Why Good Memories Are Less Likely to Fade”, BBC News, May 4, 2014, https://www.bbc.com/news/health-27193607; Colin Allen, “Past Perfect: Why Bad Memories Fade”, Psychology Today, June 3, 2003, https:// www.psychologytoday.com/us/articles/200306/past-perfect-why-bad-memories-fade; W. Richard Walker, John J. Skowronski, and Charles P. Thompson, “Life Is Pleasant – and Memory Helps to Keep It That Way!”, Review of General Psychology 7, no. 2 (June 2003): 203–10, https://www.apa.org/pubs/journals/releases/gpr-72203.pdf.

28. Walker, Skowronski, and Thompson, “Life Is Pleasant”.

29. Timothy D. Ritchie et al., “A Pancultural Perspective on the Fading Affect Bias in Autobiographical Memory”, Memory 23, no. 2 (February 14, 2014): 278–90, https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2014.884138.

30. John Tierney, “What Is Nostalgia Good For? Quite a Bit, Research Shows”, New York Times, July 8, 2013, https://www.nytimes.com/2013/07/09/science/what-is-nostalgia-good-for-quite-a-bit-research-shows.html.

31. Mike Mariani, “How Nostalgia Made America Great Again”, Nautilus, April 20, 2017, https://nautil.us/how-nostalgia-made-america-great-again-236556.

32. Ed O’Brien and Nadav Klein, “The Tipping Point of Perceived Change: Asymmetric Thresholds in Diagnosing Improvement Versus Decline”, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 112, no. 2 (February 2017): 161–85, https://doi.org/10.1037/pspa0000070.

33. Art Markman, “How Do You Decide Things Are Getting Worse?”, Psychology Today, February 7, 2017, https://www.psychologytoday.com/nz/blog/ulterior-motives/201702/how-do-you-decide-things-are-getting-worse.

34. Robert P. Jones et al., The Divide over America’s Future: 1950 or 2050? Findings from the 2016 American Values Survey, Public Religion Research Institute, October 25, 2016, https:// www.prri.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/PRRI-2016-American-Values-Survey.pdf; Mariani, “How Nostalgia Made America Great Again”.

35. Pete Etchells, “Declinism: Is the World Actually Getting Worse?”, Guardian, January 16, 2015, https://www.theguardian.com/science/head-quarters/2015/jan/16/declinism-is-the-world-actually-getting-worse.

36. Martijn Lampert, Anne Blanksma Çeta, and Panos Papadongonas, Increasing Knowledge and Activating Millennials for Making Poverty History, Glocalities global survey report, July 2018, https://xs.motivaction.nl/fileArchive/?f=116335&o=5880&key=4444.

37. Ipsos, “Perceptions Are Not Reality”, Ipsos Perils of Perception blog, July 8, 2013, https://www.ipsos.com/ipsos-mori/en-uk/perceptions-are-not-reality.

38. Jamiles Lartey et al., “Ahead of Midterms, Most Americans Say Crime Is Up. What Does the Data Say?”, Marshall Project, November 5, 2022, https://www.themarshallproject.org /2022/11/05/ahead-of-midterms-most-americans-say-crime-is-up-what-does-the-data-say; Dara Lind, “The US Is Safer Than Ever – and Americans Don’t Have any Idea”, Vox, April 7, 2016, https://www.vox.com/2015/5/4/8546497/crime-rate-america.

39. Julia Belluz, “You May Think the World Is Falling Apart. Steven Pinker Is Here to Tell You It Isn’t”, Vox, September 10, 2016, https://www.vox.com/2016/8/16/12486586/2016-worst-year-ever-violence-trump-terrorism.

40. Видео, в которых простым языком рассказывается об исследованиях Канемана и Тверски; оригинальная научная статья: “Thinking, Fast and Slow by Daniel Kahneman: Animated Book Summary”, FightMediocrity, YouTube video, June 5,