Клятвопреступники. Как распря потомков Карла Великого создала средневековую Европу - Мэтью Гэбриэль

Paschasius Radbertus, «Epitaph for Arsenius», в Confronting Crisis in the Carolingian Empire: Paschasius Radbertus’ Funeral Oration for Wala of Corbie, trans. Mayke de Jong and Justin Lake (Manchester, UK: Manchester University Press, 2020), 49–223.

49

The Astronomer, The Life of Emperor Louis, in Charlemagne and Louis the Pious: Lives by Einhard, Notker, Ermoldus, Thegan, and the Astronomer, trans. Thomas F. X. Noble (University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 2009), 276. (Астроном, «Жизнь императора Людовика», «Историки эпохи Каролингов», М. РОССПЭН. 1999. С. 37–94. Пер. с лат. А. В. Тарасова)

50

Flodoard of Reims, Historia Remensis Ecclesiae, in Monumenta Germaniae Historica: Scriptores, vol. 36 (Hanover: Hahnsche Buchhandlung, 1998), 175. Их отношения обсуждаются также в статье Peter R. McKeon, «Archbishop Ebbo of Reims (816–835): A Study in Carolingian Empire and Church», Church History 43, no. 4 (1974): 437–447.

51

Мы следуем анализу, данному в статье Bart Jaski, «The Ruler with the Sword in the Utrecht Psalter», в Religious Franks: Religion and Power in the Frankish Kingdoms: Studies in Honour of Mayke de Jong, ed. Rob Meens et al. (Manchester, UK: Manchester University Press, 2016), 72–91.

52

Thegan, The Deeds of Emperor Louis, in Charlemagne and Louis the Pious: The Lives by Einhard, Notker, Ermoldus, Thegan, and the Astronomer, trans. Thomas F. X. Noble (University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 2009), 210–211.

53

Courtney M. Booker, Past Convictions: The Penance of Louis the Pious and the Decline of the Carolingians (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2009), 257–264.

54

Janet L. Nelson, trans., Annals of St-Bertin (Manchester, UK: Manchester University Press, 1991), 28.

55

Thegan, The Deeds of Emperor Louis, 211–213.

56

Thegan, The Deeds of Emperor Louis, 215–216.

57

См. Booker, Past Convictions; Mayke de Jong, The Penitential State: Authority and Atonement in the Age of Louis the Pious, 814–840 (Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2009).

58

The Astronomer, The Life of Emperor Louis, in Charlemagne and Louis the Pious: Lives by Einhard, Notker, Ermoldus, Thegan, and the Astronomer, trans. Thomas F. X. Noble (University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 2009), 292–293. (Астроном, «Жизнь императора Людовика», «Историки эпохи Каролингов», М. РОССПЭН. 1999. С. 37–94. Пер. с лат. А. В. Тарасова)

59

Janet L. Nelson, trans., Annals of St-Bertin (Manchester, UK: Manchester University Press, 1991), 39.

60

Eric J. Goldberg, Struggle for Empire: Kingship and Conflict Under Louis the German, 817–876 (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2006), 82–90.

61

«Раскопки в Кьерзи, проведенные в 1916–1917 годах, открыли нам остатки большого зала с ярко расписанными и украшенными изразцами стенами, концентрические стены вокруг дворца. Соседний монастырь, по-видимому, служил церковью-дворцом». Janet L. Nelson, King and Emperor: A New Life of Charlemagne (London: Allen Lane, 2019), 24, 495–496. См. также Janet L. Nelson, Charles the Bald (London: Longman, 1992), 96–98.

62

Timothy Reuter, trans., The Annals of Fulda (Manchester, UK: Manchester University Press, 1992), 17.

63

The Astronomer, The Life of Emperor Louis, 301. (Астроном, «Жизнь императора Людовика», «Историки эпохи Каролингов», М. РОССПЭН. 1999. С. 37–94. Пер. с лат. А. В. Тарасова)

64

«The Vision of Charlemagne», in Carolingian Civilization: A Reader, ed. Paul Edward Dutton, 2nd ed. (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2004), 456–457.

65

Bernard Bachrach, «The Practical Use of Vegetius’ ‘De Re Militari’ During the Early Middle Ages», Historian 47, no. 2 (1985): 239–255; Bernard Bachrach, Early Carolingian Warfare: Prelude to Empire (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2001).

66

Bachrach, Early Carolingian Warfare, 55–73.

67

Nithard, Histories, in Carolingian Chronicles, trans. Bernhard Walter Scholz and Barbara Rogers (Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1970), 164.

68

Christopher Flynn, «‘Unconquered Louis Rejoiced in Iron’: Military History in East Francia Under King Louis the German (c. 825–876)», (PhD diss., University of Minnesota, 2020), 169, https://conservancy.umn.edu/items/c8c42ce4–4fc6–4042–b73e-ca38b8f08514.

69

Flynn, «‘Unconquered Louis Rejoiced in Iron’», 221.

70

Nithard, Histories, 142.

71

Nithard, Histories, 142–143.

72

Flynn, «‘Unconquered Louis Rejoiced in Iron’», 161–162.

73

О разведке на поле боя см. Bernard Bachrach and David Bachrach, «Military Intelligence and Long-Term Planning in the Ninth Century: The Carolingians and Their Adversaries», Mediaevistik 33, no. 1 (2020): 101–104.

74

Christopher Flynn, «‘Unconquered Louis Rejoiced in Iron’: Military History in East Francia Under King Louis the German (c. 825–876)», (PhD diss., University of Minnesota, 2020), 170, https://conservancy.umn.edu/items/c8c42ce4–4fc6–4042–b73e-ca38b8f08514.

75

См. John B. Gillingham, «Fontenoy and After: Pursuing Enemies to Death in France Between the Ninth and the Eleventh Centuries», in Frankland: The Franks and the World of the Early Middle Ages. Essays in Honour of Dame Jinty Nelson, ed. Paul J. Fouracre and David Ganz (Manchester, UK: Manchester University Press, 2008), 242–265.

76

Nithard, Histories, in Carolingian Chronicles, trans. Bernhard Walter Scholz and Barbara Rogers (Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1970), 155. См. также David S. Bachrach and Bernard S. Bachrach, «Nithard as a Military Historian of the Carolingian Empire c. 833–843», in Bachrach and Bachrach, Writing the Military History of Pre-Crusade Europe (London: Routledge, 2020), 29–55.

77

Janet L. Nelson, trans., Annals of St-Bertin (Manchester, UK: Manchester University Press, 1991), 50.

78

См. Bachrach and Bachrach, «Nithard as a Military Historian,” 29–55.

79

Nelson, trans., Annals of St-Bertin, 50–51.

80

Ключевая фраза у Агнелла – lucida tela – могла быть позаимствована у древнеримского писателя Лукреция. Перевод