Машина творения: Новые организмы, редактирование генома и лабораторные гамбургеры - Эми Уэбб

DeExtinction, https://reviverestore.org/projects/woolly-mammoth/.

170

Ross Andersen, «Welcome to Pleistocene Park,» The Atlantic, April 2017, www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2017/04/pleistocene-park/517779.

171

Nathan Nunn and Nancy Qian, «The Columbian Exchange: A History of Disease, Food, and Ideas,» Journal of Economic Perspectives 24, no. 2 (May 1, 2010): 163–88, https://doi.org/10.1257/jep.24.2.163.

172

Там же.

173

«The Human Cost of Disasters,» UNDRR, October 12, 2020, https://reliefweb.int/report/world/human-cost-disasters-overview-last-20-years-2000-2019.

174

«The Human Cost of Disasters–An Overview of the Last 20 Years, 2000–2019,» Relief Web, October 12, 2020, https://reliefweb.int/report/world/human-cost-disasters-overview-last-20-years-2000-2019.

175

Camilo Mora, Chelsie W. W. Counsell, Coral R. Bielecki, and Leo V Louis, «Twenty-Seven Ways a Heat Wave Can Kill You in the Era of Climate Change,» Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes 10, no. 11 (November 1, 2017): e004233, https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.117.004233.

176

«UN Report: Nature's Dangerous Decline 'Unprecedented'; Species Extinction Rates 'Accelerating,'» United Nations, Sustainable Development Goals, May 6, 2019, www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/blog/2019/05/nature-decline-unprecedented-report.

177

Sinéad M. Crotty, Collin Ortals, Thomas M. Pettengill, Luming Shi, Maitane Olabarrieta, Matthew A. Joyce, and Andrew H. Altieri, «Sea-Level Rise and the Emergence of a Keystone Grazer Alter the Geomorphic Evolution and Ecology of Southeast US Salt Marshes,» Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 30 (July 28, 2020): 17891–902, www.pnas.org/content/117/30/17891.

178

«The Almond and Peach Trees Genomes Shed Light on the Differences Between These Close Species: Transposons Could Lie at the Origin of the Differences Between the Fruit of Both Species or the Flavor of the Almond,» Science Daily, September 25, 2019, www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/09/190925123420.htm.

179

«President Obama Announces Intent to Nominate Francis Collins as NIH Director,» White House Press Release, July 8, 2009, https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/president-obama-announces-intent-nominate-francis-collins-nih-director.

180

Zhuang Pinghui, «Chinese Laboratory That First Shared Coronavirus Genome with World Ordered to Close for 'Rectification,' Hindering Its Covid-19Research,» South China Morning Post, February 28, 2020, www.scmp.com/news/china/society/article/3052966/chinese-laboratory-first-shared-coronavirus-genome-world-ordered.

181

Grady McGregor, «How an Overlooked Scientific Feat Led to the Rapid Development of COVID-19 Vaccines,» Fortune, December 23, 2020, https://fortune.com/2020/12/23/how-an-overlooked-scientific-feat-led-to-the-rapid-development-of-covid-19-vaccines.

182

Yong-Zhen Zhang and Edward C. Holmes, «A Genomic Perspective on the Origin and Emergence of SARS-CoV-2,» Cell 181, no. 2 (April 16, 2020): 223–27, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2020.03.035.

183

«Novel 2019 Coronavirus Genome,» Virological, January 11, 2020, https://virological.org/t/novel-2019-coronavirus-genome/319.

184

«GenBank Overview,» National Center for Biotechnology Information, www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genbank.

185

См. прим. 4.

186

Walter Isaacson, «How mRNA Technology Could Upend the Drug Industry,» Time, January 11, 2021, https://time.com/5927342/mrna-covid-vaccine.

187

Susie Neilson, Andrew Dunn, and Aria Bendix, «Moderna Groundbreaking Coronavirus Vaccine Was Designed in Just 2 Days,» Business Insider, December 19, 2020, www.businessinsider.com/moderna-designed-coronavirus-vaccine-in-2-days-2020-11.

188

«The Speaking Telephone: Prof. Bell's Second Lecture Sending Multiple Dispatches in Different Directions over the Same Instrument at the Same Time Doing Away with Transmitters and Batteries a Substitute for a Musical Ear Autographs and Pictures By Telegraph,» The New York Times, May 19, 1877, www.nytimes.com/1877/05/19/archives/the-speaking-telephone-prof-bells-second-lecture-sending-multiple.html.

189

Там же.

190

«AT&T's History of Invention and Breakups,» The New York Times, February 13, 2016, www.nytimes.com/interactive/2016/02/12/technology/att-history.html.

191

Arthur C. Clarke, «Extra-Terrestrial Relays: Can Rocket Stations Give World-Wide Radio Coverage?,» In Progress in Astronautics and Rocketry, ed. Richard B. Marsten, 19: 3–6, Communication Satellite Systems Technology (Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1966), https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-1-4832-2716-0.50006-2.

192

Donald Martin, Paul Anderson, and Lucy Bartamian, «The History of Satellites,» Sat Magazine, reprinted from Communication Satellites, 5th ed. (Reston, VA: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2007), www.satmagazine.com/story.php?number=768488682.

193

Mark Erickson, Into the Unknown Together: The DOD, NASA, and Early Spaceflight (Maxwell Air Force Base, AL: Air University Press, 2005).

194

Оценка на момент написания этой книги в 2021 г.

195

J. C. R. Licklider, «Memorandum for Members and Affiliates of the Intergalactic Computer Network,» April 23, 1963, Advanced Research Projects Agency, archived at Metro Olografix, www.olografix.org/gubi/estate/libri/wizards/memo.html.

196

Leonard Kleinrock, «The First Message Transmission,» Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN), October 29, 2019, www.icann.org/en/blogs/details/the-first-message-transmission-29-10-2019-en.

197

Ryan Singel, «Vint Cerf: We Knew What We Were Unleashing on the World,» Wired, April 23, 2012, www.wired.com/2012/04/epicenter-isoc-famers-qa-cerf.

198

«History of the Web,» World Wide Web Foundation, https://webfoundation.org/about/vision/history-of-the-web.

199

Sharita Forrest, «NCSA Web Browser 'Mosaic' Was Catalyst for Internet Growth,» Illinois News Bureau, April 17, 2003, https://news.illinois.edu/view/6367/212344.

200

«Net Benefits,» The Economist, March 9, 2013, www.economist.com/finance-and-economics/2013/03/09/net-benefits.

201

«U.S. Bioeconomy Is Strong, But Faces Challenges–Expanded Efforts in Coordination, Talent, Security, and Fundamental Research Are Needed,» National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, press release, January 14, 2020, www.nationalacademies.org/news/2020/01/us-bioeconomy-is-strong-but-faces-challenges-expanded-efforts-in-coordination-talent-security-and-fundamental-research-are-needed.

202

Michael Chui, Matthias Evers, James Manyika, Alice Zheng, and Travers Nisbet, «The Bio Revolution: Innovations Transforming Economies, Societies, and Our Lives,» McKinsey and Company, May 13, 2020, www.mckinsey.com/industries/pharmaceuticals-and-medical-products/our-insights/the-bio-revolution-innovations-transforming-economies-societies-and-our-lives.

203

Stephanie Wisner, «Synthetic Biology Investment Reached a New Record of Nearly $8 Billion in 2020–What Does This Mean for 2021?,» SynBioBeta, January 28, 2021, https://synbiobeta.com/synthetic-biology-investment-set-a-nearly-8-billion-record-in-2020-what-does-this-mean-for-2021.

204

Zhou Xin and Coco Feng, «ByteDance Value Approaches US$400 Billion as It Explores Douyin IPO,» South China Morning Post, April 1, 2021, www.scmp.com/tech/big-tech/article/3128002/value-tiktok-maker-bytedance-approaches-us400-billion-new-investors.

205

См. прим. 24.

206

«DNA Sequencing in Microgravity on the International Space Station (ISS) Using the MinION,» Nanopore, August 29, 2016, https://nanoporetech.com/resource-centre/dna-sequencing-microgravity-international-space-station-iss-using-minion.

207

«Polynucleotide Synthesizer Model 280, Solid Phase Microprocessor Controller Model 100B,» National Museum of American History, https://americanhistory.si.edu/collections/search/object/nmah_1451158.

208

US Security and Exchange Commission Form S-1/A filing by Twist Bioscience on October 17, 2018, SEC Archives, www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1581280/000119312518300580/d460243ds1a.htm.

209

«Building a Platform for Programming Technology,» Microsoft Station B, https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/project/stationb.

210

Microsoft DNA Storage, https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/project/dna-storage.

211

«With a 'Hello,' Microsoft and UW Demonstrate First Fully Automated DNA Data Storage,» Microsoft Innovation Stories, March 21, 2019, https://news.microsoft.com/innovation-stories/hello-data-dna-storage.

212

Robert F. Service, «DNA Could Store All of the World's Data in One Room,» Science, March 2, 2017, www.sciencemag.org/news/2017/03/dna-could-store-all-worlds-data-one-room.

213

Nathan Hillson, Mark Caddick, Yizhi Cai, Jose A. Carrasco, Matthew Wook Chang, Natalie C. Curach, David J. Bell, et al., «Building a Global Alliance of Biofoundries,» Nature Communications 10, no. 1 (May 9, 2019): 2040, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-10079-2.

214

«Moderna's Work on Our COVID-19 Vaccine,» Moderna, www.modernatx.com/modernas-work-potential-vaccine-against-covid-19.

215

Там же.

216

«The