Машина творения: Новые организмы, редактирование генома и лабораторные гамбургеры - Эми Уэбб

www.reuters.com/world/india/pm-modis-rating-falls-india-reels-covid-19-second-wave-2021-05-18.

362

«English Rendering of PM's Address at the World Economic Forum's Davos Dialogue,» Press Information Bureau, Government of India, January 28, 2021, https://pib.gov.in/PressReleseDetail.aspx?PRID=1693019.

363

David Klepper and Neha Mehrotra, «Misinformation Surges amid India's COVID-19 Calamity,» Seattle Times, May 13, 2021, www.seattletimes.com/business/misinformation-surges-amid-indias-covid-19-calamity.

364

Katsuhiko Hayashi, Orie Hikabe, Yayoi Obata, and Yuji Hirao, «Reconstitution of Mouse Oogenesis in a Dish from Pluripotent Stem Cells,» Nature Protocols 12, no. 9 (September 2017): 1733–44, https://doi.org/10.1038/nprot.2017.070.

365

Tess Johnson, «Human Genetic Enhancement Might Soon Be Possible–but Where Do We Draw the Line?,» The Conversation, December 3, 2019, http://theconversation.com/human-genetic-enhancement-might-soon-be-possible-but-where-do-we-draw-the-line-127406.

366

David Cyranoski, «The CRISPR-Baby Scandal: What's Next for Human Gene-Editing,» Nature 566, no. 7745 (February 26, 2019): 440–42, https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-019-00673-1.

367

Nathaniel Scharping, «How Are Neanderthals Different from Homo Sapiens?,» Discover, May 5, 2020, www.discovermagazine.com/planet-earth/how-are-neanderthals-different-from-homo-sapiens.

368

Rachel Becker, «An Artificial Womb Successfully Grew Baby Sheep–and Humans Could Be Next,» The Verge, April 25, 2017, www.theverge.com/2017/4/25/15421734/artificial-womb-fetus-biobag-uterus-lamb-sheep-birth-premie-preterm-infant.

369

Emily A. Partridge, Marcus G. Davey, Matthew A. Hornick, Patrick E. Mc-Govern, Ali Y. Mejaddam, Jesse D. Vrecenak, Carmen Mesas-Burgos, et al., «An Extra-Uterine System to Physiologically Support the Extreme Premature Lamb,» Nature Communications 8, no. 1 (April 25, 2017): 15112, https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms15112.

370

Neera Bhatia and Evie Kendal, «We May One Day Grow Babies Outside the Womb, but There Are Many Things to Consider First,» The Conversation, November 10, 2019, http://theconversation.com/we-may-one-day-grow-babies-outside-the-womb-but-there-are-many-things-to-consider-first-125709.

371

«CRISPR/Cas9 Therapy Can Suppress Aging, Enhance Health and Extend Life Span in Mice,» Science Daily, February 19, 2019, www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/02/190219111747.htm.

372

Chinese Academy of Sciences, «Scientists Develop New Gene Therapy Strategy to Delay Aging and Extend Lifespan,» SciTechDaily, January 9, 2021, https:/scitechdaily.com/scientists-develop-new-gene-therapy-strategy-to-delay-aging-and-extend-lifespan.

373

Adolfo Arranz, «Betting Big on Biotech,» South China Morning Post, October 9, 2018, https://multimedia.scmp.com/news/china/article/2167415/china-2025-biotech/index.html.

374

Georgina M. Ellison-Hughes, «First Evidence That Senolytics Are Effectiv at Decreasing Senescent Cells in Humans,» EBioMedicine, May 23, 2020, www.thelancet.com/journals/ebiom/article/PIIS2352-3964(19)30641-3/fulltext.

375

См. прим. 1.

376

См. прим. 4.

377

Amber Dance, «Science and Culture: The Art of Designing Life,» Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, no. 49 (December 8, 2015): 14999–15001, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1519838112.

378

Ning Zhang and Anthony A. Sauve, «Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide,» Science Direct, n.d., www.sciencedirect.com/topics/neuroscience/nicotinamide-adenine-dinucleotide.

379

Jared Friedman, «How Biotech Startup Funding Will Change in the Next 10 Years,» YC Startup Library, n.d., www.ycombinator.com/library/4L-how-biotech-startup-funding-will-change-in-the-next-10-years.

380

Emily Mullin, «Five Ways to Get CRISPR into the Body,» MIT Technology Review, September 22, 2017, www.technologyreview.com/2017/09/22/149011/five-ways-to-get-crispr-into-the-body.

381

Мы использовали данные S&P за прошлые периоды и финансовые показатели компаний за период с 2015 по 2020 г.

382

«Population Distribution by Age,» Kaiser Family Foundation, 2019, www.kff.org/other/state-indicator/distribution-by-age/?currentTimeframe=0&sortModel=%7B%22colId%22:%22Location%22,%22sort%22:%22asc%22%7D.

383

«Policy Basics: The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP),» Center on Budget and Policy Priorities, www.cbpp.org/research/food-assistance/the-supplemental-nutrition-assistance-program-snap.

384

«Trust Fund Data,» Social Security, www.ssa.gov/oact/STATS/table4a3.html.

385

Обозначение «нидзикай-нинь» придумала Эми.

386

Приносим извинения Энтони Риццо, возможно лучшему бейсболисту Chicago Cubs за все время. Основываемся на данных с сайта MLB.com.

387

«The Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967,» US Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, www.eeoc.gov/statutes/age-discrimination-employment-act-1967.

388

На этот сюжет нас вдохновил Адам Платт, ресторанный критик New York Magazine. Мы представили, как он составляет свой ежегодный путеводитель «Где поесть» в 2037 г.

389

Niina Heikkinen, «U.S. Bread Basket Shifts Thanks to Climate Change,» Scientific American, December 23, 2015, www.scientificamerican.com/article/u-s-bread-basket-shifts-thanks-to-climate-change.

390

Euromonitor data, July 2020, www.euromonitor.com/usa.

391

«The Future of Agriculture: The Convergence of Tech and Bio Bringing Better Food to Market,» SynBioBeta, February 9, 2020, https://synbiobeta.com/the-future-of-agriculture-the-convergence-of-tech-and-bio-bringing-better-food-to-market.

392

«Fermentation & Bioreactors,» Sartorius, www.sartorius.com/en/products/fermentation-bioreactors.

393

Bioreactor market value data, Statista, February 2020, www.statista.com.

394

Gareth John Macdonald, «Bioreactor Design Adapts to Biopharma's Changing Needs,» Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology News (GEN), July 1, 2019, www.genengnews.com/insights/bioreactor-design-adapts-to-biopharmas-changing-needs.

395

Senthold Asseng, Jose R. Guarin, Mahadev Raman, Oscar Monje, Gregory Kiss, Dickson D. Despommier, Forrest M. Meggers, and Paul P. G. Gauthier, «Wheat Yield Potential in Controlled-Environment Vertical Farms,» Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, July 23, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2002655117.

396

Karen Gilchrist, «This Multibillion-Dollar Company Is Selling Lab-Grown Chicken in a World-First,» CNBC, March 1, 2021, www.cnbc.com/2021/03/01/eat-just-good-meat-sells-lab-grown-cultured-chicken-in-world-first.html.

397

Emily Waltz, «Club-Goers Take First Bites of Lab-Made Chicken,» Nature Biotechnology 39, no. 3 (March 1, 2021): 257–58, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41587-021-00855-1.

398

Прогноз производства культивированного мяса к 2026 году. Источник: Исследование BIS, апрель 2021 г.

399

Zoë Corbyn, «Out of the Lab and into Your Frying Pan: The Advance of Cultured Meat,» The Guardian, January 19, 2020, www.theguardian.com/food/2020/jan/19/cultured-meat-on-its-way-to-a-table-near-you-cultivated-cells-farming-society-ethics.

400

Raito Ono, «Robotel: Japan Hotel Staffed by Robot Dinosaurs,» Phys.org, August 31, 2018, https://phys.org/news/2018-08-robotel-japan-hotel-staffed-robot.html.

401

Мировые продажи служебных роботов для профессионального использования в 2018‒2020 гг. Источник: IFR, сентябрь 2020 г.

402

James Borrell, «All Our Food Is 'Genetically Modified' in Some Way–Where Do You Draw the Line?,» The Conversation, April 4, 2016, http://theconversation.com/all-our-food-is-genetically-modified-in-some-way-where-do-you-draw-the-line-56256.

403

Billy Lyons, «Is Molecular Whiskey the Futuristic Booze We've Been Waitin For?,» Fortune, May 25, 2019, https://fortune.com/2019/05/25/endless-west-glyph-engineered-whiskey.

404

«Morpheus,» DC Comics, February 29, 2012, www.dccomics.com/characters/morpheus.

405

Alice Liang, «World's First Molecular Whiskey Expands Its Portfolio,» Drinks Business, November 5, 2020, www.thedrinksbusiness.com/2020/11/worlds-first-molecular-whiskey-expands-its-portfolio.

406

Nicole Trian, «Australia Prepares for 'Day Zero'–the Day the Water Runs Out,» France 24, September 19, 2019, www.france24.com/en/20190919-australia-day-zero-drought-water-climate-change-greta-thunberg-paris-accord-extinction-rebe.

407

Kevin Winter, «Day Zero Is Meant to Cut Cape Town's Water Use: What Is It, and Is It Working?,» The Conversation, February 20, 2018, http://theconversation.com/day-zero-is-meant-to-cut-cape-towns-water-use-what-is-it-and-is-it-working-92055.

408

Dave McIntyre, «It Was Only a Matter of Time. Lab-Created 'Molecular' Wine Is Here,» The Washington Post, March 6, 2020, www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/food/it-was-only-a-matter-of-time-lab-created-molecular-wine-is-here/2020/03/06/2f354ce8-5ef3-11ea-b014-4fafa866bb81_story.html.

409

Esther Mobley, «SF Startup Is Making Synthetic Wine in a Lab. Here's How It Tastes,» San Francisco Chronicle, February 20, 2020, www.sfchronicle.com/wine/article/San-Francisco-startup-unveils-synthetic-wine-and-15068890.php.

410

Collin Dreizen, «Test-Tube Tasting? Bev Tech Company Unveils Grapeless 'Molecular Wine,'» Wine Spectator, February 26, 2020, www.winespectator.com/articles/test-tube-tasting-bev-tech-company-unveils-grape-less-molecular-wine-unfiltered.

411