История центральной Европы. Срединные королевства - Мартин Рейди

Глава 31. Вторая мировая война, простые центральноевропейцы и индустриальное убийство

1. Jonathan Wright, ‘Locarno: A Democratic Peace?’, Review of International Studies 36, no. 2 (2010): 391–411.

2. О железнодорожных переездах см. Norman Stone, World War One: A Short History (London, 2007), 187.

3. Приводится в Elisabeth Barker, Austria 1918–1972 (London and Basingstoke, 1973), 106.

4. Vit Smetana, In the Shadow of Munich: British Policy Towards Czechoslovakia from the Endorsement to the Renunciation of the Munich Agreement (1938–1942) (Prague and Chicago, 2008), 44–45; Mark Cornwall, ‘The Czechoslovak Sphinx: “Moderate and Reasonable” Konrad Henlein’, in In the Shadow of Hitler: Personalities of the Right in Central and Eastern Europe, ed. R. Haynes and M. Rady (London and New York, 2011), 206–226.

5. О «мелких червях» см. Richard Overy, The Origins of the Second World War, 3rd ed. (Abingdon and New York, 2008), 122.

6. Paul D. Quinlan, ‘The Tilea Affair: A Further Inquiry’, Balkan Studies 19 (1978): 147–157; Winston S. Churchill, The Second World War, vol. 1 (Boston, 1948), 311.

7. Leo Leixner, Von Lemberg (Munich, 1942), 10. О «величайшем политическом преступлении» см. Lord Macaulay, History of England, vol. 8 (New York, 1876), 141.

8. Czesław Madajczyk, ‘Einleitung’, in Vom Generalplan Ost zum Generalsiedlungsplan, ed. C. Madajczyk (Munich, 1994), v-xxi (v-vii); об описании Геббельса см. Die Tagebücher von Joseph Goebbels, ed. E. Fröhlich, vol. 8 (Munich, 1998), 406 (5 November 1940).

9. Saul Friedländer, Das Dritte Reich und die Juden, 2nd ed. (Munich,2006), 582.

10. Sybil H. Milton, ‘“Gypsies” as Social Outsiders in Nazi Germany’, in Social Outsiders in Nazi Germany, ed. R. Gellately and N. Stoltzfus (Princeton and Oxford, 2001), 212–232.

11. ‘Extracts from Journal and Office Records of Hans Frank, Governor General of Poland, 1939–1944’, Office of US Chief of Counsel, PS-2233, Harvard Law School Library, Nuremberg Trials Project.

12. Oded Heilbronner, ‘German or Nazi Antisemitism?’, in The Historiography of the Holocaust, ed. D. Stone (Basingstoke and New York, 2004), 9–23.

13. Horst Krüger, The Broken House: Growing Up Under Hitler, trans. S. Whiteside (London, 2021), 6–7.

14. См. Peter G. J. Pulzer, The Rise of Political Anti-Semitism in Germany and Austria (New York, London, and Sydney, 1964), 293–294.

15. Yehuda Slutsky et al., ‘Numerus Clausus’, in Encyclopaedia Judaica, ed. M. Berenbaum and F. Skolnik, 2nd ed., vol. 15 (Chicago, 2007), 339–343; Natalia Aleksiun, ‘Jewish Students and Christian Corpses in Interwar Poland: Playing with the Language of Blood Libel’, Jewish History 26, nos. 3–4 (2012): 327–342.

16. Jan T. Gross, Neighbours: The Destruction of the Jewish Community in Jedwabne, Poland (Princeton, 2001). Количесво евреев, убитых в Едвабне, оспаривается.

17. John-Paul Himka, ‘The Lviv Pogrom of 1941: The Germans, Ukrainian Nationalists, and the Carnival Crowd’, Canadian Slavonic Papers/Revue canadienne des slavistes 53, nos. 2–4 (2011): 209–243.

18. Отчет Франка от 16 декабря 1941 года представлен в ‘Extracts from journal and office records of Hans Frank, Governor General of Poland, 1939–1944’, Office of US Chief of Counsel, PS-2233, Harvard Law School Library, Nuremberg Trials Project.

19. Jane Caplan, ‘Jetzt judenfrei.’ Writing Tourism in Nazi-Occupied Poland (London, 2012).

20. Halik Kochanski, The Eagle Unbowed: Poland and the Poles in the Second World War (London, 2012), 234–236.

21. О Гиммлере см. Helmut Krausnick, ‘Denkschrift Himmlers über die Behandlung der Fremdvölkischen im Osten (Mai 1940)’, Vierteljahrshefte für Zeitgeschichte 5, no. 2 (1957): 194–198.

22. Jan Grabowski, Hunt for the Jews: Betrayal and Murder in German-Occupied Poland (Bloomington, 2013), 3; Martyn Rady, ‘Ferenc Szálasi, “Hungarism” and the Arrow Cross’, in In the Shadow of Hitler: Personalities of the Right in Central and Eastern Europe, ed. R. Haynes and M. Rady (London and New York, 2011), 261–277; Regina Fritz and Catherine Novak-Rainer, ‘Inside the Ghetto: Everyday Life in Hungarian Ghettos’, Hungarian Historical Review 4, no. 3 (2015): 606–640.

23. Ronald J. Berger, ‘The “Banality of Evil” Reframed: The Social Construction of the “Final Solution” to the “Jewish Problem”’, Sociological Quarterly 34, no. 4 (1993): 597–618.

Walter Stier, transcript of the Shoah interview by Claude Lanzmann, 1978–1981, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, https://collections.ushmm.org/film_findingaids/RG-60.5064_01_trl_en.pdf

Gyula Sáfár, ‘A Békés megyei zsidó vagyon sorsa 1944-ben’, in A holokauszt Békés megyei történeteiből, ed. A. Erdész and T. Kovács (Gyula, 2014), 87–99.

Gitta Sereny, Into That Darkness: An Examination of Conscience (New York, 1983), 162, 229.

Hannah Arendt, Eichmann in Jerusalem: A Report on the Banality of Evil (London, 1977), 135–137.

Глава 32. Матьяш Ракоши, сталинистская Центральная Европа и ее недовольства

1. Tom Lorman, ‘Rákosi in London’, Journal of the Islington Archaeology and History Society 3, no. 3 (2013): 14–15; Délmagyarország, 22 June 1946, 1.

2. О Варге см. Kyung Deok Roh, ‘Rethinking the Varga Controversy, 1941–1953’, Europe-Asia Studies 63, no. 5 (2011): 833–855.

3. Paul Lendvai, One Day That Shook the World: The 1956 Hungarian Uprising and Its Legacy (Princeton, 2008), 30–34.

4. О борцах с коммунизмом в Трансильвании см. Dorin Dobrincu, ‘Rezistenţa armată anticomunistă din Munţii Făgăraş – versantul nordic’, Anuarul Institutului de Istorie George Bariţiu: Series Historica 46 (2007): 433–502.

5. Hugo Service, Germans to Poles: Communism, Nationalism and Ethnic Cleansing After the Second World War (Cambridge, 2013), 215–221; Levente Orosz, ‘Antiszemitizmus Erdélyben a holokauszt után’, Tanulmányok a Holokausztról, ed. R. Braham (Budapest, 2019), 237–256.

6. Gwénola Sebaux, ‘(Spät-) Aussiedler aus Rumänien’, in (Spät-) Aussiedler in der Migrationsgesellschaft (Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung, Informationen zur politische Bildung, 340, 2019), online resource.

7. О количестве депортированных см. Joseph B. Schechtman, ‘Postwar Population Transfers in Europe: A Survey’, Review of Politics 15, no. 2 (1953): 151–178.

8. The Eleanor Roosevelt Papers, vol. 1, part 1 (Charlottesville and London, 2010), 254.

9. О «бухгалтерских единицах» см. Ota Šik, Plan and Market Under Socialism (Abingdon and Oxford, 2018), 32 (first published in 1967). Информацией о роли Economist Intelligence Unit я обязан покойному Алану Смиту.

10. Maciej Tymiński, ‘Local Nomenklatura in Communist Poland: The Case of the Warsaw Voivodship (1956–1970)’, Europe-Asia Studies 69, no. 5 (2017): 709–727.

11. Étienne Forestier-Peyrat and Kristy Ironside, ‘The Communist World of Public Debt (1917–1991): The Failure of a Countermodel?’, in A World of Public Debts: A Political History, ed. N. Barreyre and N. Delalande (Cham, 2020), 317–345 (325).

12. Balázs Apor, The Invisible Shining: The Cult of Mátyás Rákosi in Stalinist Hungary, 1945–1956 (Budapest and New York, 2017), 166.

13. David S. Mason, ‘Membership of the Polish United Workers Party’, Polish Review 27, nos. 3–4 (1982): 138–153; Gil Eyal and Eleanor Townsley, ‘The Social Composition of the Communist Nomenklatura: A Comparison